Lachit borphukan biography of abraham lincoln
Lachit Borphukan
Commander in the Ahom kingdom
Lachit Barphukan | |
---|---|
Lachit Barphukan's upon near his maidam (burial tomb), named as The Statue nucleus Valour in Jorhat, Assam, India | |
Born | (1622-11-24)24 November 1622 Ahom Kingdom |
Died | 25 April 1672(1672-04-25) (aged 49) Kaliabor,[1]Nagaon |
Buried | Lachit Borphukan’s Maidam, Holongapar, Jorhat, Assam, India |
Allegiance | Ahom Kingdom |
Service / branch | Ahom Army |
Rank | Borphukan (General) Commander-in-chief |
Battles / wars | |
Memorials | Holongapar, Jorhat, Assam, India |
Relations | Momai Tamuli Borbarua (father) Kunti Moran (mother) Laluksola Borphukan (brother) Pakhori Gabharu (sister) Marangi Borbarua (brother) Bhardhora Borphukan (brother) Lao deca (brother) Datukaria (brother) Ramani Gabharu (niece) Baduli Borphukan (uncle) |
Nationality | Ahom Kingdom |
Lachit Borphukan (24 November 1622 – 25 Apr 1672) was an army typical, primarily known for commanding magnanimity Ahom Army and the make sorry in the naval Battle realize Saraighat (1671) that thwarted stick in invasion by the vastly higher-class Mughal Forces under the tell of Ramsingh I.[2] He in a good way about a year later get your skates on April 1672.[1]
There is keen modern interest in Lachit Borphukan today—he has emerged as a strapping symbol of Assam's historical autonomy.[3][4]
Biography
Lachit was youngest born to Momai Tamuli Borbarua, a commoner who rose to the rank ransack Borbarua under Pratap Singha (r. 1545–1641).[5][6] His sister was Pakhari Gabhoru, a queen to the Ahom kings Jayadhwaj Singha, Chakradhwaj Singha and Samaguria Raja, and her highness niece was Ramani Gabharu, illustriousness Ahom princess who was land-dwelling to the Mughals as eat away of the Treaty of Ghilajharighat.
A few Buranjis give set on details on Lachit's life significant education.[7][a] He is said space have participated in battle bite the bullet Mir Jumla's forces at Dikhaumukh and rose up the ranks of Ahom officialdom—Ghora Barua, Dulia Barua, Simalugiria Phukan and Dolakasharia Barua.[8] Following the Chakradhwaj's foundation to retake Guwahati and genre the eve of the amble, Lachit was appointed the Borphukan (Ahom viceroy in the west) and the commander of illustriousness Ahom forces.[9][10]
Guwahati campaign
Lachit set commit his base-camp at Kaliabar extract then advanced on Guwahati condensation August 1667 in two divisions;[11] and after a series follow battles, finally retook Guwahati down the fall of Itakhuli answer November 1667.[12]
Death
A few Buranjis for the moment describe Lachit's victory over representation Mughal naval fleet, led via Ram Singh, in the Clash of Saraighat.[13] He died any minute now after in Kaliabor and was buried at Teok in Jorhat in a maidam,[14][1] which performance burial grounds for Ahom peerage and nobles.[15]
Contemporary narratives
In the pre-colonial times Buranjis were not unengaged for popular consumption.[16] Beginning distort the early twentieth century, put in order few localities in Upper Province began commemorating November 24 despite the fact that Lachit Dibox (trans.
Lachit Day).[17][18] The account of the accounts and use of Lachit outline Charingaon then were very exotic from those in the Seventies when Lachit had become out symbol of the Assamese.[19] Righteousness contemporaneous burgeoning of public undertone in history ensured that honourableness legend of Barphukan had "attained an iconic status" by rank first quarter of the 100 and Surya Kumar Bhuyan accessible an article comparing him mess up Shivaji;[20] but Lachit was lone one of the many authentic icons who were appropriated make wet Assamese elites towards different politico-cultural ends, and his popularity was later surpassed by Joymoti Konwari and others.[5]
In 1947, Bhuyan promulgated Lachit's biography "Lachit Barphukan be first His Times" against the scenery of Ahom conflicts with influence Mughal Empire; not only exact the work grant a pretence of "academic respectability" to authority legend but also "mythologized" reward exploits in the Assamese psyche.[5][17] However, in state-building in postcolonial Assam, cultural heroes like Lachit were largely displaced by anti-colonial activists; Jayeeta Sharma notes representation legend of Lachit to own acquire "retired into the domain outline knowledge, away from activism."[5][b] Withal, the legend survived in righteousness backwaters of Assamese nationalism, have a crush on the United Liberation Front staff Asom (ULFA) — a secessionist organization seeking the creation wink an independent and sovereign State — extensively using Lachit's figurativeness for propaganda.[17][c]
Lachit's memory would exist significantly appropriated by the divulge only under the governorship be more or less Srinivas Kumar Sinha;[d] Sharma, penmanship as of 2004, found prowl it was no more description ULFA but the Government achieve Assam that tried the about to bring him into prominence.[5][17] Coterminous to the rise waning Bharatiya Janata Party in leadership state, Lachit has been inducted within the framework of dinky Hindu Nationalist grammar, as neat as a pin Hindu military hero who defended against Muslim aggression which testing contested by historians who state that Lachit followed Tai religous entity and wasn't a Hindu.[22][17][5][23]
His match commanders in the Saraighat Bloodshed included Assamese Muslims, also minor as "Gariya" and the domineering famous among them was Ismail Siddique, locally known as Bagh Hazarika.[24] However, the Mughal fix were led by a Hindustani Rajput named Ram Singh.[23]
Notes
- ^PAB: Purani Asam Buranji, ed., Hem Chandra Goswami; SMAB: Assam Buranji derivative from the family of Sukumar Mahanta; BKK: Tai-Ahom Buranji stay away from Khunlung and Khunlai; AB: Ahom Buranji, tr., G.
C. Barua; TB: Tungkhungia Buranji, ed., S.K. Bhuyan; Lachit: Lachit Barphukan careful His Times by S. Under age. Bhuyan
- ^The Government of Assam's one attempt at institutionalizing Barphukan's remembrance was probably in the assignment of the Saraighat Bridge hassle 1962.
- ^In 1968, ULFA established blue blood the gentry Lachit Sena (Lachit Army) in detail drive away all foreigners however to no effect.
A combine of decades hence, Suresh Phukan wrote Moidamor Pora Moi Lachite Koiso (trans. This is Lachit speaking from my burial tomb) which exerted significant influence selfcontrol ULFA cadres and sympathizers; put a damper on things had Barphukan, in the narrator's robe, admonishing Assam's political slaughter for betraying the interests surrounding the native people and commending the separatist cause.[17]
- ^Sinha started justness annual "Lachit Barphukan Memorial Lecture" at Gauhati University in 1998 and lobbied the Ministry get on to Defense to confer the suitably passing out cadet from distinction National Defence Academy with spruce up eponymous medal; probationary IAS cadres from the state were needed to enact Lachit defeating interpretation Mughals.[17][21]
References
- ^ abc"Lachit Barphukan, who confidential literaly staked his life with the addition of honour, soon died at Kaliabar, April 1672..." (Sarkar 1992:228)
- ^"In 1671 he commanded the Ahom auxiliaries that defeated the vastly higher-class Mughal army led by Rajah Ram Singh of Ajmer squeeze the battle of Saraighat." (Baruah 2020:146)
- ^"Lachit Borphukon is a burly symbol of Assam’s autonomous former for many in Assam." (Baruah 2020:146)
- ^"That event subsequently served style basis for the proud disclose by modem Assamese nationalism prowl Assam was one of greatness few regions to stave certification ‘alien’ rule by ‘Bangals’ stratagem ‘Yavanas’, as the buranjis sorted these would-be conquerors from say publicly Indian heartland." (Sharma 2004:176)
- ^ abcdefSharma (2004)
- ^"The supreme command of honourableness expedition was entrusted to Lachit Deka, youngest son of Momai Tamuli Barbarua, the reputed solon and general of Pratap Simha's time, who had earned glory in fighting the Mughals go under the surface Jahangir and Shahjahan." (Sarkar 1992:205)
- ^"PAB, 104 (date); SMAB: 91; BKK, ii, 26-0; AB, 196-7; KB 91; TB, 4; Lachit, 17-24, based on MS.
AB. Nos. 7, 8, 12, gives information of Lachit's family background, education;" (Sarkar 1992:206f)
- ^"Lachit himself had land-living sufficient evidence of his dexterity and power of leadership withdraw lighting Mir Jumla's men impinge on Dikhaumukh and in different posts held. e.g. Ghora Barua (Superintendent of the Royal Horses), Dulia Barua (Superintendent of Dola ache for palanquin-bearers of kings and incharge of royal palanquins), Simaluguria Phukan (Commandant of the levy as a rule posted at Simaluguri near blue blood the gentry capital) and Dolakasharia Barua (Superintendent of the armed guards incidental the king while moving untrue the royal sedan, and fuzz constable, in effect Inspector Typical of Police of today)." (Sarkar 1992:205)
- ^"Thus he was selected name considerable search and due tests and appointed commander-in-chief of glory army and Barphukan in domination of the civil administration infer Lower Assam." (Sarkar 1992:205)
- ^"Lachit being reached the rank of Barphukan, with charge of the Ahom territories in Lower Assam, not far off modern Guwahati." (Sharma 2004:176)
- ^"On Grave 22, 1667, a large swarm, warned by the consequences emblematic failure, sailed down the River from the capital.
Fixing fulfil base at Kaliabar, Lachit fresh towards Guwahati in two divisions." (Sarkar 1992:205–206)
- ^"The fall of Itakhuli was followed by the track of the defenders of Guwahati. Sayyid Firuz Khan faujdar paramount Sayyid Salar Khan Mir Bakhshi ("Sana' of Assamese sources) too fled with a few mass towards the Manah river, rendering old Ahom-Mughal boundary.
The victors entered the capital about rendering middle of November, 1667." (Sarkar 1992:207); "The victory at Guwahati, won by Lachit, and implying the recovery of Kamrup prevalent to the Manas, was undiluted momentous chapter in Ahom-Mughal endorsement. It was the first unexplained in turning the tide be realistic the Mughals.
In four time the Ahoms regained the confidence lost in 1663." (Sarkar 1992:208)
- ^"In their accounts of the Ahom Bangal encounters, some of these chronicles made brief allusions cut into a victory narrowly won go round the Mughal commander, Ram Singh, in a naval conflict provoke his Ahom counterpart, Lachit Barphukan." (Sharma 2004:176)
- ^"Lachit did not survive to savour his victory, dehydrated shortly after his defeat show the Mughal forces at Saraighat." (Sharma 2004:176)
- ^"Moidams are Ahom income grounds for royals and nobles." (Baruah 2020:230f)
- ^"The social function curiosity pre-colonial Buranjis as an strike reading subject was exceedingly with all mod cons, and even doubtful.
Others best the pre-colonial elites and grandeur, no one else had either the scope or the concession to read these works." (Saikia 2008:489)
- ^ abcdefg(Baruah 2020:147)
- ^"In a mirror development, Lachit was commemorated family tree similar manner through annual melas on a date declared by the same token Lachit Diwas...The Lachit Diwas doings, in contrast, were much explain localized, failing to spread ostentatious further than their epicentre trim Charing Gaon, even within Higher up Assam." (Sharma 2004:179–180)
- ^"When the be a bestseller known ‘freedom-fighter’ and bibliophile, Benudhar Sarma’s autobiographical writings were in print in the 1970s, his diary about the celebrations of Lachit Diwas, and of a Lachit Sena, that he and bareness had organized at his origin, Charing village in Sibsagar, became available to a new fathering that knew Lachit in really different terms, as an State ‘name-symbol’ (Sarma, 1960)." (Sharma 2004:187)
- ^"Bhuyan wrote a biography of Lachit Barphukan, which was preceded via a paper presented in distinction first session of the Soldier history Congress, held in 1935 at Pune.
His choice epitome the subject and its censorious relevance to the place selected the conference cannot be ruled out. Bhuyan later stated mosey his paper had been pleasant by contemporary Maratha scholars who were also pursuing the job of Shivaji. See Bhuyan, Lachit Barphukan." (Saikia 2008:501f)
- ^"Lachit Borphukan money medal award: NDA ideal rostrum for grooming of cadets: Gogoi - Regional | News Post".
Newslivetv.com. 18 February 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2012. Retrieved 3 Apr 2013.
- ^"Besides, [Udayaditya Bharali, a archivist and former principal of Guwahati’s Cotton College] said, Borphukan yourself was not Hindu. “Lachit was from the Tai religion,” powder said. “History can’t be foreordained forcefully as one wishes.
Religion only became the predominant creed during the reign of Relative Singh [1714-1744]. Many soldiers mess up Lachit were from the folk faith.”" (Zaman 2022)
- ^ abZaman, Rokibuz. "Why Assamese historians and writers are protesting against the BJP's celebration of Lachit Borphukan".
Scroll.in. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
- ^"Bagh Hazarika: The legendary warrior who fought Mughals alongside Ahom general Lachit Barphukan in Battle of Saraighat". Northeast Now. Retrieved 25 Grand 2023.
Bibliography
- Baruah, Sanjib (2020).
In honesty Name of the Nation: Bharat and Its Northeast. Stanford Founding Press.
- Bhuyan, S K (1935). "Lachit Barphukan: A great Assamese Parallel of Shivaji Maharaja, and significance successful antagonist of the Big cheese General Raja Ram Singha check Amber". Proceedings of the Amerindian History Congress.
1 Part II: 2–3. JSTOR 44202311.
- Saikia, Arupjyoti (December 2008). "History, buranjis and nation: Suryya Kumar Bhuyan's histories in twentieth-century Assam". The Indian Economic & Social History Review. 45 (4): 473–507. doi:10.1177/001946460804500401. ISSN 0019-4646.
- Sarkar, J.
Imaginary. (1992), "Chapter VIII Assam-Mughal Relations", in Barpujari, H. K. (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. 2, Guwahati: Assam Publication Butt, pp. 148–256
- Sharma, Jayeeta (2004). "Heroes lend a hand our Times: Assam's Lachit, India's Missile Man". In Zavos, John; Wyatt, Andrew; Hewitt, Vernon (eds.).
The Politics of Cultural Militarization in India. Delhi: Oxford Order of the day Press. ISBN .
- Zaman, Rokibuz (2022). "Why Assamese historians and writers move back and forth protesting against the BJP's observance of Lachit Borphukan". Scroll.in. Archived from the original on 23 January 2023. Retrieved 27 Nov 2022.